One Welfare for all: Associations between sheep welfare indicators and producers’ mental health

Objective. The objective of this observational cross-sectional study was to investigate associations between farmers’ mental health scores for stress, anxiety, depression, and resilience, sheep welfare outcomes. Materials methods. Twenty-two farms in the departments Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Tolima, Meta, Colombia, were visited once. Clinical health, cleanliness, calmness randomly selected per farm scored identify number animals with different problems such as lameness, hoof overgrowth, mastitis. A face-to-face interview farmer done gather demographic information (farm size year establishment, gender, age, role at farm, education) complete validated psychometric scales assess depression. Linear regression models used evaluate scores, aspects, within-flock prevalence indicators. Results. total 427 evaluated across farms. most prevalent identified overgrowth (40.9%) dirty fleece (32.9%), while least clinical mastitis (1.3%) respiratory issues (1.2%). Farmers’ stress level positively associated clinically lame size. Anxiety fleece, being a female farmer. Depression overgrowth. Conclusions. Findings showed that higher levels depression among farmers presence animal problems, larger farms, gender.